Dear friends,
As you know Christmas is coming up, and there are things to say in the
art world. However, I thought I would continue my exploration of what I
call
Lamo Cinema, or
late modernism cinema and discuss
this Christmas' science-fiction blockbuster
Avatar, the
science fiction action adventure
epic
film
written and directed by
James
Cameron. Whose other films include;
The Terminator (1984),
Aliens (1986),
The Abyss (1989),
Terminator 2: Judgment
Day (1991),
True Lies (1994),
Titanic (1997),
and
Spider-Man and Dark Angel.
Avatar, as a Science fiction film is
a typical
film
genre that uses
science fiction:
speculative,
science-based
depictions
of
far-fetched theoretical phenomena generally unrelated to
science, such as
extra-terrestrial
life
forms,
alien worlds, esp, and
time
travel, often along with futuristic elements such as
spacecraft,
robots,
or other esoteric technologies. Science fiction films have often been
used to
focus on
political or
social
issues, and to explore philosophical issues like the
human condition.
And I thought I would do it again in my inimitable Wikipedia links
style.
Dikipedia, the LaMo free
style encyclopedia
Where I mix and match across many
fields, both real and imagined, mashing up the theoretical with the
purely biased, but providing some relative release with links to help
clarify what I sincerely hope to be the complete confusion that
results. Please note, I have not seen this movie, so this is
conjecture at its worst. It might be a turkey.
Avatar
Plot
In A.D.
2154,
the
story’s
protagonist, Jake Sully (
Sam Worthington), is a former
U.S. Marine who was wounded and
paralyzed
from the waist down in combat on Earth. Jake is selected to participate
in the Avatar program, which will enable him to walk. Jake travels to
Pandora. This world
is a lush and sentient-inhabited
jungle-covered
satellite Alpha Centauri A,
4.3 light years from Earth.
Pandora's biosphere is filled with
incredible life forms, some
beautiful, many terrifying. This world is also home to the Na’vi, a
sentient humanoid race, who are considered primitive, yet are
more
physically capable than humans. Standing 10 feet tall, with tails and
sparkling blue skin, the Na’vi
live in harmony with their unspoiled world. As humans encroach deeper
into Pandora's forests in search of valuable minerals, the Na’vi
unleash their formidable warrior abilities to defend their threatened
existence.
Jake has
unwittingly been recruited to
become part of this
encroachment. Since humans are unable to breathe the air on Pandora,
they have created genetically-bred human-Na’vi hybrids known as
Avatars. On Pandora, through his Avatar body, Jake will be able to walk
again. Sent deep into Pandora's jungles as a scout for the soldiers
that will follow, Jake encounters many of Pandora's beauties and
dangers. There he meets a young Na’vi female, Neytiri (Zoe Saldaña).
Over time, Jake infiltrates the Na'vi
clan, and falls in love with Neytiri. As a result, Jake finds himself caught
between the military-industrial forces of Earth and the Na’vi,
forcing
him to choose sides in an epic battle that will decide the fate of
Pandora. A trailer for it is here:
http://www.hulu.com/watch/110975/making-a-scene-avatar
Plot
Analysis
Generally it looks to me as if
James Cameron wishes to continue to build on an utopianist view that
attempts to reconcile humanity with technology
(as seen in Aliens, and Terminator 2: Judgment Day,)
where two protagonists, who face impossible odds, work together to
achieve their goals, with strong female characters (Sarah Connor and Ellen
Ripley
being the most famous) and continues his mild undercurrent of feminism.
"Philosopher
Stephen Mulhall has remarked that the four
Alien
films represent an artistic rendering of the difficulties faced by the
woman's "voice" to have itself heard in a masculinist society, as
Ripley continually encounters males who try to silence her and to force
her to submit to their desires. Mulhall sees this depicted in several
places in
Aliens, particularly the inquest scene in which
Ripley's explanation for the deaths and destruction of the
Nostromo,
as
well
as her attempts to warn the board members of the alien danger,
are met with officious disdain. However, Mulhall believes that Ripley's
relationship with Hicks illustrates that
Aliens "is devoted ...
to the possibility of modes of masculinity that seek not to stifle but
rather to accommodate the female voice, and modes of femininity that
can acknowledge and incorporate something more or other of masculinity
than our worst nightmares of it."
Avatar
also seems to have elements of
Superhero
fiction is a genre
characterized by beings with much
higher than usual capability and prowess, generally with a desire or
need to help the citizens of their chosen country or world by using his
or her powers to defeat natural or superpowered threats. it as
much as both Jake as an avatar and the
Na’vi,
are more
physically capable than humans. Authors of this genre include
Stan Lee
(co-creator of
Spider-Man, the
Fantastic Four, the
X-Men, and
the
Hulk);
Marv
Wolfman, the creator of
Blade
for Marvel Comics, and
The
New
Teen Titans for DC Comics;
Dean Wesley Smith (
Star
Trek,
Smallville,
Spider-Man,
and
X-Men)
While the
Na’vi's home
environment is a fantastical magical realist wonderland and Utopia it
finds itself smack up against the usual
corporate/government/societal dystopia
with the repressing power is a private company supported by military
power. These stories generally include the motive of
commercial profit instead of, or in addition to, the benefits of
increased power and authority. As seen in the
Alien series,
Resident
Evil and its sequels and
RoboCop
and its sequels.
But I'm not sure how it will play out but what I hope he adds in
addition to these traditional science fiction genre times will be an
exploration of, how can I say this discreetly?
The Mind Fuck Genre
The leading exponent of which is
Philip Kindred Dick (Dec. 16,
1928 – March 2, 1982) the American novelist,
short
story writer, and
essayist whose published work during his lifetime
was almost entirely in the
science fictionsociological, political and
metaphysical
themes in novels dominated by
monopolistic corporations,
authoritarian governments, and
altered
states. In his later works, Dick's thematic focus strongly
reflected his personal interest in metaphysics and
theology.
He often drew upon his own life experiences and addressed the nature of
drug
abuse,
paranoia and
schizophrenia,
and transcendental experiences in novels such as
A Scanner Darkly and
VALIS.
"I want to write about people I love,
and put them into a fictional
world spun out of my own mind, not the world we actually have, because
the world we actually have does not meet my standards," Dick wrote of
these stories. "In my writing I even question the universe; I wonder
out loud if it is real, and I wonder out loud if all of us are real."
Dick referred to himself as a "fictionalizing
philosopher."
Dick's stories typically focus on the
fragile nature of what is "real" and the construction of personal identity.
His stories often become surreal fantasies as the main characters
slowly discover that their everyday world is actually an illusion
constructed by powerful external entities, vast political conspiracies,
or simply from the vicissitudes of an unreliable narrator. Alternate universes and simulacra
were common plot devices,
with fictional worlds inhabited by common, working people, rather than
galactic elites. "There are no heroes in Dick's books," Ursula K. Le Guin wrote, "but there are
heroics.
who
Dick
made no secret that he was heavily influenced by the writings of Carl
Jung,
the Swiss founder of as this
"Analytical Psychology" (to distinguish it from Freud's theory of
psychoanalysis). Jung was a self-taught expert on the unconscious and
mythological foundations of conscious experience and was open to the
reality underlying mystical experiences. The Jungian constructs and
models that most concerned Dick seem to be the archetypes of the
collective unconscious, group projection/ hallucination,
synchronicities, and personality theory.
Mental illness was a constant interest of
Dick's, and themes of
mental illness permeate his work. The character Jack Bohlen in the 1964 novel Martian Time-Slip is an
"ex-schizophrenic". The novel Clans of the Alphane Moon
centers on an entire society made up of descendants of lunatic asylum
inmates. Also is Drug use
was also a theme in many of Dick’s works, such as A Scanner Darkly and The Three Stigmata of
Palmer Eldritch. Dick was a stimulants user for much of his
life.
Background
The Mind Fuck Genre had its roots, I
believe, in Cold War propaganda about the North Korean’s success at
brainwashing and, in short order, that spawned film and literary boom
in paranoid novels and movie plot lines of spies, saboteurs, double
agents, and triple double agents to stoke the emotional flames the cold
wars culture of fear. The most paranoid feature of these plots
werethe often demonstrated circularity of plotting developments where
the protagonist was often brought full circle to find out that in
uncovering his true mission and real identity, he had actually had been
just executing the very mission that the villains he had been fleeing
had previously implanted in his brain from the beginning, therefore
challenging the concept of free will and determinism.
Invariably the Mind Fuck Genre center on dedicated totalitarian,
corporate technocrat, or secret agency villains whose power/control
quest to create perfect robot soldier/assassin zombies, who can still
function as they traverse a treacherous landscape from total paranoia
to schizophrenia to narrative realism to surrealistic subjectivity
after their brains, their bodies, and their souls have been tortured
into submission by both low to high tech brainwashing machines. The
Mind Fuck Genre invariably involves involuntary repetitive penetrative
sexual humiliation, which usually justifies the heroes revenge.
The Bourne Series of movies has
to do with Matt Damon’s existential quest of to discover why he is a
one-man wrecking crew and why, when given certain Pavlovian commands,
he turns into an icy unstoppable assassin? The Manchurian candidate,
Frank Sinatra’s 1962 movie that foreshadowed the JFK assassination is a
perfect example early example of the Mind Fuck Genre phenomena.
It was only a matter of time before many contemporary movies’ initial
pretext showed ordinary Joe’s, just trying to make a living, being
snatched off the streets to become unwitting terrorists, double agents,
fall guys and murderers of great skills, even if they had the
occasional twinge of existential remorse. Karl Marx’s theory of the
social alienation of LaMo capitalism gets morphed into full scale
sociopathic schizophrenia and both heroes and villains are converted to
subject commodities to be redrawn for profit and prestige. While subtly
commenting
on diverse social issues such as xenophobia,
propaganda,
and
cognitive dissonance.
My personal bias about the evolution of the Modern story is that it
came into its own during the birth of the popular novel during
Romanticism, and then evolved into symbolism, with its humanist
concerns. (With authors like Charles Dickens, who influenced both James
Cameron and Philip K. Dick) which easily evolved from symbolism into an
existentialist surrealism, with its psychiatric and political
components, and then on to magic realism, which sought to blend
elements of the Western Enlightenment with the subjective and magical,
which has had success in movies and South American literature, but not
really an art, and then morphed into something I call non-magical
realism.Which you can see in movies like the perfect sunshine of the
spotless mind. which really is a one-act play staged on a set
inside a mind that is being shrunk, as an experiment in progress of br
andain washing
I guess I would call Avatar a
LaMo non-magical realist science-fiction adventure film with
themes of imperialism
and biodiversity.
I'm only guessing now but I think that Avatar could be
a pastiche of five different highly employ natural science fiction
films.
- Aliens is a 1986 science fiction action
film directed by James
Cameron and starring Sigourney Weaver, Carrie
Henn, Michael Biehn, Lance Henriksen, and Bill
Paxton. A sequel to the 1979 film Alien, Aliens
is set fifty-seven years after the first film and is regarded by many
film critics as a benchmark for the action and science fiction genres.
In Aliens, Weaver's character Ellen
Ripley returns to the planetoid LV-426 where she first encountered
the hostile Alien. This time she is
accompanied by a unit of Colonial Marines whose action adventure tone was in contrast to the horror
motifs of the original Alien.
- Minority Report is a 2002
science fiction film directed by Steven Spielberg and loosely based on the
short
story "The Minority Report" by Philip K. Dick. It is set primarily in Washington, D.C. and Northern Virginia in the year 2054, where "Precrime",
a
specialized police department, apprehends criminals based on foreknowledge provided by three
psychics called "precogs". The main themes of Minority
Report
are the classic philosophical questions surrounding foreknowledge and free
will vs. determinism.
- The Matrix is a 1999
science fiction-action
film written and directed by Larry and Andy Wachowski and starring Keanu
Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Joe Pantoliano, and Hugo
Weaving which describes a future in which reality as perceived by
humans is actually the Matrix: a simulated reality created by sentient machines in order to
pacify and subdue the human population, while their bodies' heat and electrical activity are
used as an energy source. Upon learning this, computer programmer "Neo"
is drawn into a rebellion against the machines, involving other people
who have been freed from the "dream world" and into reality. Also
makes numerous references to recent films and literature, and to
historical myths and philosophy including Buddhism,
Gnosticism,
Christianity, Existentialism, Nihilism, and occult tarot.
The film's premise resembles Plato's Allegory of the Cave, René Descartes's evil
genius, Georges Gurdjieff's The Sleeping Man,
and the brain in a vat thought experiment, while Jean Baudrillard's Simulacra and Simulation is
featured in the film. There are similarities to several works by
science fiction author Philip K. Dick,
as well as cyberpunk works such as Neuromancer
by William Gibson.
- 12 Monkeys is a 1995
science fiction film directed by Terry
Gilliam, inspired by the French short film La
Jetée (1962), and starring Bruce
Willis, Madeleine Stowe, Brad
Pitt, and Christopher Plummer. Which depicts the
world in 2035 as devastated by disease, forcing
the human population underground. Convict James Cole (Willis)
"volunteers" for time travel
duty to gather information in exchange for prison release. When he
arrives in the past, Cole is arrested and locked up in a psychiatric hospital,
where he meets Dr. Kathryn Railly (Stowe), a psychiatrist, and Jeffrey
Goines (Pitt), a fellow mental patient
with animal
rights and anti-consumerist
leanings.
- Total Recall is a 1990
American science fiction action film featureing Arnold Schwarzenegger and Sharon
Stone, based on the Philip K. Dick story "We Can Remember It for
You Wholesale", directed by Paul Verhoeve. The film explores the
question of reality
versus delusion,
a
recurrent
topic in Philip K. Dick’s works. The plot calls for the
lead character and the audience to question whether the character’s
experience is real or being fed directly to his mind. Thus, the viewer
is left wondering whether or not
the events actually happened, if the entire story is simply the memory
purchased at Rekall gone terribly awry, or if in fact Rekall had simply
delivered on its original promise of “action” and “adventure.” This
theme has been revisited since in similarly-themed films such as The
Matrix, eXistenZ, The Thirteenth Floor, and Vanilla
Sky. A consistent motif throughout the film is
the presentation of
striking opposites: Earth/Mars; Quaid/Hauser; the mutants Kuato and his
brother George; the use of holographic doubles by Quaid and Melina;
reflections of Quaid, Lori and Dr. Edgemar in mirrors in Quaid's hotel
room; Melina/Lori. The latter example subverts a standard film
noir convention, the saintly blonde versus the devilish
brunette; in Total Recall, the blonde turns out to be the
villain and the brunette the heroine. this